Money services businesses (“MSBs”) are required to conduct independent reviews to ensure their anti-money-laundering (“AML”) programs comply with Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”) requirements. Under the BSA, MSBs must develop programs that identify and assess AML risks associated with their products, services, customers, and geographic locations and must take reasonable steps to manage them. Longstanding FinCEN guidance makes clear that the purpose of the reviews is to monitor the adequacy of these programs, especially in light of the recent expansion of BSA regulatory obligations under the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020. In this article, Bates offers tips to guide MSB firms in preparing for a review, including key review elements, timing, and selecting the right reviewer.
What are the key elements for an independent review?
Independent reviews are concerned with assessing whether anti-money laundering risks for MSBs are being addressed. Policies, procedures, internal controls, recordkeeping, reporting, and training are all elements of an independent review. The reviewer must conduct tests to ensure that internal controls and transactional systems are working as intended and to identify weaknesses and potential fixes. To be thorough, the review must cover all actions taken by the compliance team on AML-related risk, on each of the above elements, and also on supervision of program controls and transactional systems.
When should independent reviews take place?
As formalized risk assessments are not required for MSBs, there is no mandated frequency for conducting independent reviews, but they must be periodic and appropriate to the level of risk. As these assessments change, the review period might change. “Given the changes to FinCEN regulations, MSBs should be proactively working on their programs and putting in place the oversight necessary to ensure compliance,” recommends Brandi Reynolds, Bates AML & Compliance Managing Director and head of Bates Group’s MSB, Fintech and Virtual Asset practice.
Who should conduct the independent review?
The independent review must include an unbiased assessment of each element of an MSB’s AML program. Under current guidance, a formal audit by a certified public accountant or third-party consultant is not necessarily required, but independence and thoroughness are key. (Remember, an internal assessment cannot be performed by an AML compliance officer, nor can it be someone who reports to the compliance officer.) Brandi points out that “the need for independence and the increasing complexity of AML regulatory obligations means that persons with the requisite knowledge and experience must oversee or conduct these reviews, in order for them to be considered adequate.”
Conclusion
Independent reviews on AML risk are becoming more important, not only to ensure compliance with current regulation and the documentation of all efforts undertaken, but also to uncover systemic weaknesses and to provide corrective recommendations for management. “In a changing AML regulatory environment, MSBs should be ensuring that their independent review framework is up to the task. These reviews are a critical tool in the regulator’s examinations,” said Brandi.
Our AML Independent Review Services
Bates Group offers comprehensive independent review services that ensure your business will achieve AML compliance. Our reviewers are experienced in risk assessment and will thoroughly analyze policies, procedures, and processes. Components of your AML compliance program that we can review and analyze include:
- Recordkeeping requirements under the BSA;
- Verification of policies, procedures, and processes in light of the BSA record retention requirements;
- Training initiatives;
- Compliance with USA PATRIOT Act sections 314(a) and 314(b), if necessary;
- FFIEC expanded procedures, if needed for your company;
- Suspicious activity monitoring and reporting (SARS);
- Remote deposit capture
- Customer identification requirements;
- AML Independent Reviews;
- Cash shipments, when appropriate;
- Funds transfer recordkeeping
- Monetary instrument sales recordkeeping
Our AML compliance independent review professionals manage even the most complex of review processes. We will thoroughly analyze your AML compliance program and accurately document our findings in a compliant manner. We know how much is on the line for your business when establishing a compliant AML program.
Contact Bates
To learn more about our services for independent reviews or to talk to one of our professionals about our company’s reputation or commitment to our clients, reach out to us directly today.
